View source for Item:OSW6fdea5daa0374b6b96bf5a0f72e5e82a

This is a conceptual page intended for development purposes. The content is placeholder information that has not been verified.

== Overview ==
Graphite is a carbon-based material that is often used as a negative electrode active material, especially in Li-ion batteries. 

== Properties ==

=== Qualitative Properties ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Property!!Value
|-
|[[Material Type]]||Graphite
|-
|[[Category]]||Native Mineral
|-
|[[Crystal System]]||Hexagonal or Rhombohedral
|-
|[[Crystal Habit]]||Tabular, six-sided foliated masses; granular to compacted masses
|-
|[[Color]]||Iron-black to steel-gray
|-
|[[Luster]]||Metallic, earthy
|-
|[[Cleavage]]||Basal – perfect on {0001}
|-
|[[Fracture]]||Flaky, otherwise rough when not on cleavage
|-
|[[Tenacity]]||Flexible non-elastic, sectile
|-
|[[Density]]||2.09–2.23 g/cm³
|-
|[[Conductivity]]||High electrical and thermal conductivity
|-
|[[Optical Properties]]||Uniaxial (-)
|-
|[[Solubility]]||Soluble in molten nickel, warm chlorosulfuric acid
|-
|[[Other Characteristics]]||Strongly anisotropic, conducts electricity, greasy feel, readily marks
|}

===Quantitative Properties===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Property !! Value !! Unit
|-
| [[Density]] || 2.09–2.23 || g/cm³
|-
| [[Electrical Conductivity]] || ~10⁴–10⁵ || S/m
|-
| [[Thermal Conductivity]] || 100–400 || W/m·K
|-
| [[Specific Surface Area]] || 5–25 || m²/g
|-
| [[Interlayer Spacing]] || ~0.335 || nm
|-
| [[Mohs Hardness]] || 1–2 || Dimensionless
|-
| [[Melting Point (under pressure)]] || ~3650–3697 || °C
|-
| [[Young's Modulus]] || ~10–15 || GPa
|-
| [[Shear Modulus]] || ~5 || GPa
|-
| [[Coefficient of Thermal Expansion]] || ~-1 × 10⁻⁶ (parallel to layers) || /°C
|}

== Use in Battery Cells ==
Below is a list of battery cells that use graphite as an active material
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Battery Cell
!Type
!IEC Code
!
|-
|{{Template:Viewer/Link|page=Item:OSW4cc680e60cef403087c2f70908ea04a5|url=|label=INR18650-MJ1}}
|Li-ion
|INR18650
|
|-
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|-
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|}

==Links to Other Published Resources==